Causes and Prevention Methods of Curved Rail Abrasion

Causes and Prevention Methods of Rail Wear
(1) Causes of rail wear
There are many reasons for the wear of rails on the curve, mainly due to the increased axle load of locomotives and vehicles and the increase in transport volume. In addition, the use of internal combustion and electric locomotives will also increase the lateral horizontal force on the curve, resulting in aggravated curve wear. In addition, poor track condition will also increase rail wear.
(1) Improper setting of curve superelevation and incorrect rail bottom slope will cause eccentric load of rail and abnormal contact between wheel and rail, which will aggravate rail wear.

(2) The direction of the curve is not round and smooth, which causes the train to shake; the super-height decrease distance of the relaxation curve is not enough, and the slope rate is too large, causing severe movement, shaking and impact when the train enters or exits the curve, resulting in rail wear.
(3) The curve state will also affect the rail wear. For example, the gauge exceeds the limit, the ballast is insufficient, there are triangular pits, dark pits, empty hanging plates on the line, hard bends on the rails, shortages and failures of anti-climbing equipment, sleepers, and coupling parts, etc., will increase the wear of the rails.
The lack of oiling measures on the rails, and the huge difference in the speed of the up and down trains on the single-track line are also one of the reasons for increasing the wear of the rails.
(2) Methods to prevent rail wear
(1) Correctly set the super height of the outer rail of the curve, and accurately measure the driving speed. The calculation of the average speed shall be carried out in accordance with the weighted average method stipulated in the "Revised Regulations". The superelevation of the curve should be checked.
(2) Correct the bottom slope of the track. Visually check whether the light band on the top surface of the rail is on the center line. If it is inward or outward, it means that the bottom slope of the rail is abnormal and should be corrected in time. In the concrete sleeper section, the method of laying slope-shaped rubber pads can be used to change the bottom slope of the rail, increase the contact surface between the wheel and the rail, and make the light belt on the top surface of the rail be at the center line of the rail top.

(3) Curves are oiled regularly. Apply lubricating oil to the inner side of the head of the outer rail, which can greatly reduce the wear of the outer rail.