Causes of rail joint disease and remediation

1. Rail joint disease classification

(1) according to the joint rail surface state: against the joint, wear uneven joints, wrong teeth joints, metal stripping joints, large rail joints
(2) according to the joint bed state: turn over the pulp joint, turn white joint, slip collapse joint, hard joint
(3) according to the state of the joint structure: joint clamp plate under the bend, the upper edge of the abrasion clamp plate bolt nut torque is not enough; fastener nut torque is not enough, fastener plate or gauge stopper is not close, fastener failure, etc.

2. The cause of rail joint disease

Rail joint disease, the most fundamental reason is that the rail joint exists in the structure of the uneven, which leads to a large additional power between the wheel rail role. The excessive additional dynamic effect also contributes to the development of the unevenness and the growth of the additional dynamic force, which also promotes the development of the joint disease, it can be seen that the occurrence and development of the rail joint disease is the interaction. Due to improper maintenance will also contribute to the development of joint disease.
(1) structure is not smooth The rail joint in the structure is not smooth, refers to the joint rail seam: when the wheel is at the output end of the rail, the receiving end of the adjacent rail has a tendency to raise, forming a step; the deflection of the rail joint under load is not a continuous curve, but a folding line. When the corner of the fold, rail slit, step three factors at the same time, will produce wheel-rail impact, thus increasing the joint at the additional resistance.
(2) Additional unevenness This is formed in the course of operation when the following conditions can be formed: structural weakness, uneven wear of the rail surface, lack of elasticity.
(3) Dynamic unevenness Dynamic unevenness generally has two situations: one is the track elasticity is not uniform and load fluctuations, wheel-rail contact point trajectory is wavy unevenness; the other is the line there is a dark pit hanging plate and the road bed is not uniform elastic sinking. The dynamic unevenness of the line exacerbates the shock and vibration of the train during operation. Sometimes the use of unequal thickness, uneven elasticity under the rail mat board and line maintenance quality is poor, all intensify the dynamic unevenness of the track.

3. rail joint disease remediation

(1) improve the rail material, quenching technology requirements, quenching process, rail and cleat design
(2) in the maintenance and repair to take in line with the concrete rail line characteristics of the method of operation to improve the working condition of the rail joint such as: according to the local temperature changes, timely adjustment of bad rail joints, maintain suitable rail joints; keep the joint bolts and fasteners torque, so that the joint part of the connection to maintain a stable state; joint part of the bed in the pounding to ensure good pounding quality; for the offset joint to Flat rail processing; For the appearance of the lower bending splint to be replaced by the upper bending splint and shock absorbing splint; To pay attention to the repair of the rail surface, for the appearance of the rail break uneven wear, falling block, abrasion and other defects and defects to take welding, grinding and other ways to repair; Improve the elasticity of the joint part of the bed, mainly to clear the sieve slat and turn slurry bed, replace the round ballast.

4. Prevention of rail and joint connection parts of the disease method

Strengthen the maintenance work of the steel rail and cleat
(1) strengthen the inspection of the rails, found seriously injured rails and cleats, should be replaced in time;
(2) Timely straightening of hard bent rails;　　
(3) timely welding and repairing rail surface abrasion;　　
(4) often pay attention to tighten the fasteners, refurbish the anti-climbing equipment, lock the rail, prevent crawling, do not make the rail slit stretched.　
Strengthen the joint maintenance　　
(1) strengthen the joint pounding, keep the road bed full, and to tamp. Joint rail sleeper material as far as possible consistent, spacing in line with the provisions, in order to keep the support conditions consistent.
(2) often tighten the clamp bolt, keep the joint solid. Due to the constant striking of the train, it will cause the bolts to slacken and the joint to loosen. The result is that the joint cannot resist external forces as a whole and individual parts may be damaged due to overburdening. It also increases the wear of the splints and rail ends exacerbating the unevenness of the joint. If the joints at the splint due to wear and tear and rail jaws between the existence of gaps in l mm or more, should be timely pad to meet the provisions of the triangle iron piece.　　
(3) timely sieve joint range of unclean ballast, so as not to form a crust, lose elasticity, or cause turning pulp bubble mud, resulting in significant unevenness.　　
(4) timely elimination of rail surface high and low wrong teeth, joint rail surface and rail distance line inside wrong teeth shall not exceed l mm.　　
(5) with the upper bending clipboard remediation low joint. On the bending clipboard is the general clipboard with bending rail bender on the bend, on the amount of bending generally to 1.2 mm is appropriate. When changed on the bending clipboard, rail joint at 4 rail sleeper range of rail surface raised, easy to appear empty hanging plate and bolt loose, therefore, must strengthen the mash, tighten the bolt.　　
(6) timely adjustment of the rail gap. Large rail gap is an important cause of joint disease. Therefore, the rail gap must be uniform, and meet the requirements of the regulations, found that the large rail gap should be promptly corrected.

 

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Alina Shen

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