Classification of Rail Grinding Works and Rail Grinding Machines
Sep 11, 2021| Classification of Rail Grinding Works and Rail Grinding Machines
Rail is an important part of railway track line, the quality of rail affects the safety and stability of train operation directly, so rail grinding works is very important in railway maintenance project. Under the condition of long-term train operation, the rail is affected by the natural environment, the action of the train and the quality of rail itself, the surface often produces diseases such as fish scale pattern, surface peeling, top surface wave wear, inner side wear, fat edge and so on, which shortens the service life of rail, increases the cost of maintenance project, and even breaks the rail, which affects the driving safety seriously, therefore, rail diseases must be eliminated or repaired in time to ensure the safety of railway transportation.
1. Rail grinding works can be divided into two categories:
1.1 Rail surface grinding (restorative grinding)
Rail surface grinding work is to control and remove the existing defects on the rail surface. Rail surface defects include: rail surface ripple, rail head collapse, uneven welding, wear, plastic deformation of rail, rail head burn, uneven, joint dislocation, etc. Rail surface defects are related to the vertical dynamic action of wheel and rail directly. Controlling surface defects can reduce vertical vibration, vertical impact force and noise.
1.2 Rail profile grinding (preventive grinding)
Rail profile grinding is used to control the occurrence and development of diseases by grinding the rail head into various shapes to improve the wheel rail contact state. The traditional rail surface grinding is simply to grind the rail head flat, and the rail profile grinding is to grind the rail head into a special shape according to the needs, rather than simply restore to the original shape.
2. Classification of rail grinding machines:
Rail grinding machines are divided into rail derusting machine, switch rail grinding machine, rail profile grinding machine, rail ends grinding machine, multifunctional rail grinding machine.
2.1 Rail derusting machine Model: XGM-2.2 × 2 and NXG-4
a. The rail derusting machine is used to remove the rust on the top surface of the rail.
b. Machine composition: frame, engine, belt, grinding wheel.
c. Working principle: start the engine, and the engine drives the belt to make the grinding wheel rotate. There are two pedals to control the rise and fall of the grinding wheel
d. Workplace: where the track is rusty.
2.2 Switch grinding machine Model: NCM-4II
a. The switch grinding machine is used to grind the turnout position of the steel rail. The left and right slopes of the machine can be adjusted when it in use.
b. Machine composition: rack, internal combustion engine, belt, feed shaft, grinding wheel.
c. Working principle: the internal combustion engine drives the belt to rotate the grinding wheel and grind the upper end of the track turnout.
d. Workplace: used above turnout.
2.3 Rail profile grinding machine Model: NGM-4.4, NGM-4.8 and NGM-4.8 (digital display)
a. The machine can polish the top and side of the rail.
b. The machine consists of two locating wheels, two running wheels, internal combustion engine, grinding wheel and feed shaft.
c. Working principle: the grinding angle can be adjusted, and the internal combustion engine drives the grinding wheel to work directly.
d. Workplace: work on the line.
2.4 Rail ends grinding machine Model: DM-1.1 and NDM-1.4
The ends grinding machine is used to polish the cutting surface of rail. It is divided into electric and internal combustion. Both are fixed on the rail with rail clamps, and then the feed shaft is used to move the grinding wheel forward to polish the cutting surface of the rail.
2.5 Multifunctional rail grinding machine Model: DGM-2.2I, DGM-2.2II, DGM-3.6I and DGM-3.6II
The multi-functional rail grinding machine can grind the side, top, turnout and arc surface of the rail. The grinding machine has kinetic energy that can move left and right back and forth. The shelf and the body of machine are separated and can move back and forth slightly. The feed shaft can control the height of the grinding wheel.
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