What are straight switches, cross switches, and diverging switches?

Forward Switch

A switch where rolling stock first passes over the frogs and then the point rails is called a forward switch. Conversely, a switch where rolling stock passes over the point rails first is called a reverse switch.

Branch Switch

When one railway line connects to another within a section, the switch connecting these two lines is called a branch switch.

Tuning Section

Adjacent track circuit sections employ two distinct carrier frequencies. At signal points within block sections, a pair of resonant slot circuits-composed of capacitors and rail inductors-is installed. Each circuit resonates at one of the two carrier frequencies. The distance between these two slot circuits is typically 26 meters. This 26-meter section constitutes the resonant section or tuning section.

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